EN 16523-1:2015+A1:2018 【PPE】防化学物质渗透测试介绍

nce to permeation by chemicals防化学物质渗透测试
What is permeation?什么是渗透？

Theprocess by which a chemical move through a physical barrier (it canbe a textile or a polymer material for example) on amolecular level. 

化学物质在分子水平上穿过物理屏障（可以是纺织品或聚合物材料）的过程。

Majorly3 physico-chemical phenomena are involved in permeation:

• Sorptionof liquid molecules on the contact surface of thematerial

• Diffusion of the absorbed molecules in thematerial

• Desorption of the moleculeson the opposite surface of the material

渗透主要涉及3种物理化学现象：

• 液体分子吸附在材料接触面上
• 吸附分子在材料中的扩散
• 材料另一面上分子的解吸

Schematic permeationphenomenon

渗透现象示意图

This process is a distinctlydifferent mechanism than penetration wherechemicals move through voids in materials without change ofstate.

这个过程是一种和穿透截然不同的机制，穿透是化学物质在不改变物质状态的情况下穿过材料中的空隙。

How to measure permeation?如何测量渗透率？
The protective property ofa material against permeation by a chemical is determined bymeasuring the rate of permeation through the test material. Using aspecial testing cell, the material is exposed to a chemical inliquid or gaseous form, the mass of chemicals that has permeatedthrough is determined analytically over a 480 minperiod.材料对化学物质渗透的保护性能是利用测量通过测试材料的渗透率来确定的。使用特殊的测试装置，将材料暴露于液态或气态的化学物质中，在480 分钟内分析确定已渗透的化学物质的质量。

Schematic of a common permeation rategraph

常规渗透速率示意图

What are permeation levels?什么是渗透水平?Depending on the materialproperties, the chemical permeates through at different pace. Thisis the base for the comparison of materials. For this purpose, theEuropean standard EN 16523-1:2015 + A1:2018defines a standard permeation rate (or normalized permeation rate“NPR”) arbitrary fixed at 1.0 µg.cm-2.min-1. 根据材料的特性，化学物质会以不同的速度进行渗透。这是材料对比的基础。为此，欧洲标准EN16523-1:2015+A1:2018规定了标准渗透率（或标准化渗透率“NPR”），固定为1.0µg.cm-2.min-1。

With this reference value,manufacturers can compare different material’s performance bymeasuring the elapsed time between initial contact of the chemicalwith the outside surface of the material and the time at which thechemical is detected on the other side of the material at apermeation rate of 1.0 µg.cm-2.min-1. This information obtained onmaterial is the material’s Normalized Breakthrough Time(“NBT”)*. 有了这个参考值，制造商可以通过测量化学物质与材料外表面的初始接触时间与在材料另一侧以1.0µg.cm-2.min-1的渗透速率检测到化学物质的时间之间的经过时间来比较不同材料的性能。此信息即为材料的标准化穿透时间（“NBT”）* 。

The standard EN ISO374-1: 2017 that defines the performance requirements forchemical resistant gloves gives the performance levelclassification table according to the materials’NBT:防化学手套性能要求的标准 EN ISO374-1:2017 根据材料的 NBT 给出了性能等级分类表：

The permeationperformance level is the criteria used for the classification, theCE certification, and the marking of thePPE.

渗透性能水平是个人防护用品的分类、CE认证和标记的标准。 

* Forsafety reasons, it is important to keep in mind that chemicalpermeation is a gradual and continuous process over time and thatthe NBT does not correspond to the moment when the chemicalpermeates first the material. NBT measurement serves only thepurpose of comparing materials’ performance.

* 出于安全考虑，请务必注意，化学渗透是一个逐渐和持续的过程，NBT并不是化学物质渗透到材料的时刻。NBT测量仅用于比较材料的性能。

选择欧鼎评估您PPE产品的渗透性能

已获得法国 COFRAC 认证和香港HOKLAS 认证的欧鼎 实验室增强了其测量PPE（手套、服装）渗透率的能力，欢迎参考下表中列出的EN ISO 374-1: 2017渗透标准。

Among the many requirements set out by the PPEtest standards, particular attention must be paid to those requiredfor defining the instructions for use in particular, theinformation which gives the possibilities of use (single use orreusable) or the PPE maintenance and washingrecommendations.

在PPE 测试标准的众多要求中，必须特别注意产品介绍说明，特别是使用说明（一次性或可重复使用）、PPE 维护和清洗建议。