国际货物运输的概念
运输就其运送对象来说，分为货物运输和旅客运输，而从货物运输来说，又可按地域划分为国内货物运输和国际货物运输两大类。国际货物运输，就是在国家与国家、国家与地区之间的运输。国际货物运输又可分为国际贸易物资运输和非贸易物资（如展览品、个人行李、办公用品、援外物资等）运输两种。由于国际货物运输中的非贸易物资的运输往往只是贸易物资运输部门的附带业务，所以，国际货物运输通常被称为国际贸易运输，从一国来说，就是对外贸易运输，简称外贸运输。
国际贸易运输的性质
在国际贸易中，商品的价格包含着商品的运价，商品的运价在商品的价格中占有较大的比重，一般来说，约占10％；在有的商品中，要占到30％～40％。商品的运价也和商品的生产价格一样，随着市场供求关系变化而围绕着价值上下波动。商品的运价随着商品的物质形态一起进入国际市场中交换，商品运价的变化直接影响到国际贸易商品价格的变化。而国际货物运输的主要对象又是国际贸易商品，所以可以说，国际货物运输也就是一种国际贸易，只不过它用于交换的不是物质形态的商品，而是一种特殊的商品，即货物的位移。所谓商品运价，也就是它的交换价格。由此，我们可以得出这样一个结论：从贸易的角度来说，国际货物运输就是一种无形的国际贸易。
Second, The purpose of the implementation of logisticsmanagement
The purpose of the implementation of logistics management is tothe lowest possible totalcost of conditions to achieve theestablished level of customer service, or serviceadvantages andseekcost advantages of a dynamic e, and thus createcompetitive enterprises in thestrategic advantage. According tothis goal, logistics management to solve the basic problem,simplyput, is to the right products to fit the number and the right priceat the right time andsuitable sites available to customers.
Logistics management systems that use methods to solve theproblem. Modern Logisticsnormally be considered by the transport,storage, packaging, handling, processing incirculation,distribution and information constitute part of all.All have their own part of the original functions,interests andconcepts. System approach is the use of modern management methodsand moderntechnology so that all aspects of information sharing ingeneral, all the links as an integratedsystem for organization andmanagement, so that the system can be as low as possible undertheconditions of the total cost, provided there Competitiveadvantage of customer service. Systems
approach that the system is not the effectiveness of theirvarious local links-effective simple sum.
System means that, there's a certain aspects of the problem andwant to all of the factors affectingthe analysis and evaluation.From this idea of the logistics system is not simply the pursuit oftheirown in various areas of the lowest cost, because the logisticsof the link between the benefits ofmutual influence, the tendencyof mutual constraints, there is the turn of the relationshipbetweenvulnerability. For example, too much emphasis on packagingmaterials savings, it could cause
damage because of their easy to transport and handling costsincreased. Therefore, the systemsapproach stresses the need tocarry out the total cost analysis, and to avoid the second besteffectand weigh the cost of the analysis, so as to achieve thelowest cost, while meeting the established
level of customer service purposes.Third, China's enterprises inthe use of third-party logistics problems in
While third-party logistics company has many advantages, but notmany enterprises will bemore outsourcing of the logistics business,the reasons boil down to:
1, resistance to change
Many companies do not want the way through the logisticsoutsourcing efforts to change thecurrent mode. In particular, somestate-owned enterprises, were
Flow will also mean that the dismissal of outsourcing a largenumber of employees, whichthe managers of state-owned enterpriseswould mean a very great risk.
2, lack of awareness
For third-party logistics enterprise's generally low level ofawareness, lack of awareness ofenterprise supply chain managementin the enterprise of the great role in the competition.
3, fear of losing control
As a result of the implementation of supply chain companies inenhancing thecompetitiveness of the important role that manycompanies would rather have a small but
complete logistics department and they do not prefer thesefunctions will be handed over to others,the main reasons it isworried that if they lose the internal logistics capabilities,customers will beexchanges and over-reliance on other third-partylogistics companies.
1、货物航空运输险
为了规避货物的航空运输风险，避免因承运人益发享受免责或责任限制而使货物毁灭、遗失、损坏造成的损失得不到足额赔偿，托运认可以为货物投保航空运输险。
如果托运人已经为货物运输投保了保险金额不低于货物价值的航空运输险，保险公司将根据货物的实际损失情况，对保险货物由于保险合同规定的原因造成的损失，向受益人致富不超过保险金额的赔偿金。然后，在由保险公司向承运人追偿。
2、办理保价运输手续
为了在货物损失应由承运人赔偿的情况下，使货物损失的价值得到足额赔偿，托运人可以为其托运的货物办理保价运输手续。即在交运货物时就货物在目的地点交付时的利益（包括货物在启运地点的实际价值和到达目的地点交付收货人时的期到利益），向承运人做出特别声明，并在航空运但“供运输使用的声明价值”栏中注明声明的金额，并支付规定的声明价值附加费，从而使声明价值附加费，从而使声明价值或成为托运人和承运人特别约定的赔偿责任金额。
