Reverse Logistics
There are various definitions of Reverse Logistics to be foundin the literature. Forexample,Fleischmann et al. (1997) say thatreverse logistics is “a process whichencompasses the logisticsactivities all the way from used products no longer required bytheuser to products again usable in a market”. Dowlatshahi (2000)explains ReverseLogistics as “a process in which a manufacturersystematically accepts previouslyshipped products or parts from thepoint for consumption for possible recycling,
remanufacturing or disposal”. Later, the European Working Groupon Reverse Logistics,REVLOG, Dekker et al. (2004), give thisdefinition: “The process of planning,implementing and controllingbackward flows of raw materials, in process inventory,packaging andfinished goods, from a manufacturing, distribution or use point, toa point
of recovery or point of proper disposal”.In their book, Rogersand Tibben-Lembke (1999)briefly consider the differences betweenReverse Logistics and Green Logistics. In
Reverse Logistics there should be some flow of products or goodsback from theconsumer to an earlier stage of the supply chain.Thereduction of waste that this implies
certainly means that Reverse Logistics should be included withinGreen Logistics. Forexample, De Brito and Van Der Laan (2003)examine inventory management issues
when product returns must be estimated. However there will beother models of logisticsactivities involving only forward flows ofgoods that could not be described as reverse
logistics, but if they include environmental considerations,will also be included withinGreen Logistics. For example,Mondscheinand Schilkrut (1997) describe a mixed integer
linear programming model to determine the optimal investmentpolicies for the copperindustry in Chile. A key part of the modelwas to control air pollution through emissions
in the production process. Legislation within the EuropeanCommunity gives highimportance to recycled products and, in somecases, it has established the responsibility
for the end of life products to the manufacturers. For example,the Waste Electronic andElectrical E (WEEE) Directive(2002/96/EC)1 deals with this. Such legislation
is one of the drivers in establishing the importance of reverselogistics operations. MostEuropean companies will increasingly haveto think about incorporating Reverse
Logistics activities in their business operations.
一、发展模式
1、初创期：采取爬虫技术，快速从1688获取产品相关信息上架进行销售，系统自动下单（打通API），系统自动付款；
2、提升期：对接国内外电商平台ERP系统来快速获取产品信息；
3、迭代期：对已线上采购规模较大的供应商进行谈判，转为线下入驻供应商；
4、发展期：对接海外本土电商平台，以自身流量优势为砝码，获取海外产品分销资源。
跨境电商的热度仍在持续，国内电商卖家将眼光聚焦在海外消费者手上。中东地区具有约4.9亿人口，并且包括卡特尔、以色列、科威特、阿联酋等在内的中东国家人均GDP均位于世界50名。根据InternetWorld Stats数据，中东地区网民超1.6亿，互联网渗透率达60%，电商市场庞大。
全品类电商Souq在17年被亚马逊收购，电商平台Noon于2017年9月底在阿联酋上线，创始人联合沙特主权投资基金投资10亿美元创建一家中东本土电商平台Noon。浙江执御作为跨境电商的代表，发展迅速以拓展至全品类。电商平台动作频频，让iMile创始人黄珍看到了其背后的物流机会。iMile切入跨境电商物流平台，意在打通中国卖家和中东终端消费者的全流程。
关于iMile业务流程，消费者在中国跨境电商独立站或APP页面下单后，订单通过卖家在国内实现集采并且进入iMile在中国的集货仓。待卖商的货统一进入集货仓后，货物一般通过空运达到沙特和阿联酋，清关后进入在iMile在中东的自建仓。iMile的快递团队再将货物送到消费者手上形成闭环。
